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Cake day: June 13th, 2023

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  • A calorie is a unit of energy—it’s used to measure how much energy is contained in the foods you consume, and how much energy your body outputs in the form of physical work. These are objective measurements that have nothing to do with your body’s internal biology—you could measure the energy input and output of a robot or a car the same way. (In particular, calories in and out don’t tell you exactly how much weight you’ll gain or lose in the process—that’s dependent on your metabolism.)

    The calories spent to work an exercise bike can be measured in terms of how much energy is needed to turn the pedals—it’s independent of whatever’s doing the turning.







  • I do remember that one of the reasons for so many Kurdish massacres is that the Kurds have a belief that Satan after the fall fell to Earth and cried such tears that they put out the flames of God’s wrath.

    You’re probably thinking of the Yazidis—a group that lives in Kurdistan and speaks Kurdish but is distinct from the Kurds proper (who are mostly Sunni Muslims). The Yazidis have a very syncretistic religion drawing on elements of practically everything that ever existed in the region—including religions that were seen as heretical/satanic by subsequent ones.






  • Not a single color, but in Chinese tradition there were five colors of equal political significance corresponding to the Wuxing cycle of changes—black, red, cyan, white, and yellow. Each dynasty was associated with a color (with other associated traits), and was expected to be followed by one of two other colors (depending on whether the succession would be orderly or revolutionary).